2) What is watershed management? The availability from surface water and replenishable groundwater is 1,869 cubic km. rate. Concepts of Watershed Management Soil, vegetation and water are most important vital natural resources for the existence of the man and his animals. (CBSE 2014) UNIT-I. The states like Gujarat, U.P, Bihar, Tripura and Maharashtra, are utilizing groundwater resources at a moderate rate. Spatio-temporal variability in rainfall in the country. Answer: “Scarcity of water on account of its increased demand, possess possibility the greatest demand in India.” Analyse the statement. Water stored in check dam built across the stream channel (ex-situ management); Photo: Kothapally watershed. The Watershed Council A. The Project is being executed by Gram Panchayats with people’s participation. Question 3. Modules vary in the time they take to complete, from ½ hour to two hours. Rainwater harvesting increases water availability, checks the declining groundwater table, improves the quality of groundwater, controls soil erosion and flooding. Watershed management is the study of the relevant characteristics of a watershed aimed at the sustainable distribution of its resources and the process of creating and implementing plans, programs, and projects to sustain and enhance watershed functions that affect the plant, animal, and human communities within a watershed boundary.Features of a watershed that agencies seek to manage … Irrigation and multi-purpose projects should include drinking water in areas where it is not available. NCERT Solutions for Class 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. 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The over-use of groundwater resources has led to decline in its level. Providing drinking water is the first priority. Importance: Water quality is strictly maintained. The village transformed to a self reliant and sufficient village. Discuss. Answer: Question 7. With a bit of acumen and proper judgement, the rain water can be made to move down the slopes slowly, ensuring optimum infiltration and percolation, automatically solving the problem of soil erosion. Answer: The Aliyar and Bhivani river water dispute between Tamil Nadu and Kerala. When was National Water Policy undertaken? Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow: (CBSE 2011) How does irrigation help in multi¬cropping? Question 14. Question 7. It has become an example for watershed development throughout the country. Which one of the following rivers has the highest replenishable ground water resource in the country? Over withdrawals in some states like Rajasthan, and Maharashtra has increased fluoride concentration in ground-water, and this practice has led to increase in concentration of arsenic in parts of West Bengal and Bihar. Lagoons and Backwaters: India has a vast coastline and the coast is very indented in some states. What are the emerging water problems facing India? More water is required for irrigation to increase agricultural production as rainfall is highly variable. Voluntary work by the villagers along with their monetary contribution changed the village from a poverty stricken village to a role model for others to emulate. These are rivers, lakes, ponds, and tanks. Which of the following figures in cubic kilometres correctly shows the total annual precipitation in India? Answer: The per capita availability of water is dwindling day by day due to increase in population. What can be possible impacts of consumption of contaminated/unclean water on the people? Answer: Answer the following questions in about 150 words: Question 3. The mean annual flow in all the river basins in India is estimated to be 1,869 cubic km. Tomer, in Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment, 2005. Watershed management is aimed at land and water resources, and is applied to an area of land that drains to a defined location along a stream or river. The pollutants also seep down and pollute groundwater and causes the underground water unfit for human uses. Question 22. Question 10. The over-use of groundwater resources has led to decline in ground water table in the states of Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh. Answer: Urbanization and modern life style has increased the demand. Population is increasing. What is the utility of irrigation in agriculture? Why is the level of groundwater utilization relatively high in the river basins lying in north-western region and parts of South India? Rivers in the country like the Ganga, the Brahmaputra, and the Indus have huge catchment areas. (b) Industries Watershed: Definition: “Watershed can be defined as a unit of area covers all the […] The rate of groundwater utilization is very high in the river basins of north west India and parts of south India, where the rain water percolates down easily through the soft soils and recharge underground water table. Haryali is a watershed development project which aims at enabling the rural population to conserve water for drinking, irrigation, fisheries and afforestation. In The Present Endeavor, The Concept On Watershed Management Is Dealt After Introducing The Reasons For Degradation Of Lands And The Need For Watershed Management. Managing a Watershed: A Resource Guide for Community Planners 2 PART ONE - How to Create a Watershed Management Plan Step 1. Surface water is more utilized in the crystalline rocks of south India. Answer: Improvement in quality of water: Question 1. (d) Cyclic Resource, Question 1. Note:-These notes are according to the R09 Syllabus book of JNTU.In R13 and R15,8-units of R09 syllabus are combined into 5-units in R13 and R15 syllabus. Watershed Academy Web, is the program's distance learning program. Three causes for the deterioration of ‘quality of water’ in India are: Question 6. Given that precipitation is relatively high in the catchment areas of the Ganga, the Brahmaputra and the Barak rivers, these rivers, although account for only about one-third of the total area in the country, have 60 per cent of the total surface water resources. Ans. 2017) Elaborate it with suitable examples. Watershed uses the same employment law resources, knowledge and people to continue to offer industry recognised expertise. Answer: Mention four sources of surface water. Vice President for Parliamentary Affairs Hossein-Ali Amiri submitted the administration’s draft of the national budget bill for the next year to the Majlis on Wednesday, December 2. Rooftop rain water is diverted and stored in them. Give an account of river water in India. He has been teaching from the past 9 years. In watershed management which of the following is a primary resource? Due to this, a number of lagoons and lakes have formed. Which states have surface water in the form of lagoons and lakes? The available water resources are also getting polluted with industrial, agricultural and domestic effluents, Regular monitoring of water sources for quality. (ii) The main objective is to develop primary resources of land and water. 2. the principles of long-term watershed management, 3. the elements of successful watershed management frameworks, and 4. the benefits of the watershed management approach. We all live in a watershed and our actions affect others in the watershed. Ex-situ watershed management practices reduce peak discharge in order to reclaim gully formation and harvest substantial amount of runo/, which increases groundwater recharge and irrigation potential in watersheds. 28. Give one reason. So assessment, efficient use and Conservation of water, have become necessary to ensure development. In order to solve water problem in India constructive holistic approach should be adopted and implemented. (OBSE 2011) Watershed management implies rational utilisation of land and water resources for optimum and sustained production, with the minimum of hazard to natural resources. On the following pages are 6 examples of successful watershed What are the four major problems in the development of water resources in India? The availability of fresh water varies over space and time. (d) 5,000 The modules are organized by the six topics listed below. Answer: Water quality refers to the purity of water, or water without unwanted foreign substances. Watershed functions include capturing, storing and recharging groundwater, filtering out water pollutants, and secure release of rainwater to avoid floods during heavy rainfalls. It can be said with some certainty that the societies will witness demographic transition, geographical shift of population, technological advancement, degradation of environment and water scarcity. This area is easy to be dug, hence extraction of underground water is easiest source of water. Use of water of lesser quality such as reclaimed waste-water would be an attractive option for industries. 2. Question 11. These are rivers, lakes, ponds, and tanks. Watershed management helps conserving the environment along with fulfilling need of the people. Learn Maths with all NCERT Solutions Class 6 Class 7 Class 8 Class 9 Class 10 Class 11 Class 12. Management of this water is known as water shed management.It includes the overall planning & proper utilization of watersheds. (CBSE 2016) Question 18. Question 9. 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