2004;3(5):12. In vitro cytotoxicity of Strobilanthes crispus ethanol extract on hormone dependent human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cell. In order to identify the compounds responsible for the anti-cancer effects, further studies on the isolation and purification of the bioactive compounds from S. crispa are required. Food Bioprod Process. Strobilanthes crispa Blume is a plant native to countries including Madagascar and Indonesia. The bsorbance of the resultant solution was measured at 593 nm using a spectrophotometer (U-2001, Hitachi Instruments Inc., Tokyo, Japan) acetate buffer was used as a blank reading. 2014, 2014;1-8. This suggests that SH exhibited cytotoxic effects in MDA-MB-231 cells via other mechanisms. Review: Side effects of approved molecular targeted therapies in solid cancers. Health benefits of fruit and vegetables are from additive and synergistic combinations of phytochemicals. J Cell Biochem. For example, the chloroform extract of S. crispa was demonstrated to possess cytotoxic effects against HepG-2 cells (22,23), while the methanolic extract exhibited strong cytotoxicity on MDA-MB-231 and HepG-2 cells (22). Food Chem. Asmah R, Susi E, Patimah I, Yap Taufiq YH, Fadzelly Mohd AB. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Article  Acanthaceae. Therefore, based on the potent antioxidant and anticancer activity of leaves extracts, it appears that S. crispus grown in the North-east of Malaysia (Kelantan) is a potential source of anticarcinogenic therapeutic compounds. 3 demonstrates the effect of SH on HepG-2 and MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation. The botanical identity of S. crispa was determined and authenticated by a taxonomist from the Forest Research Institute Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; sample no. Strobilanthes crispa Blume; Strobilanthes crispa Blume is an unresolved name . Furthermore, the ethanolic extract (29) and a sub-fraction of the dichloromethane extract of S. crispa (24) demonstrated the ability to consistently kill breast cancer cells. This research has thrown up many questions in need of further investigation. The anticancer properties of herbs and spice is directly related directly to their phytochemical content [55]. Profiling of phenolic compounds and their antioxidant and anticancer activities in pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) Among the extracts tested, SH extract exhibited the lowest half maximal inhibitory concentrations in both the cell lines. Ziegler RG, Anderson WF, Gail MH. Int J Mol Sci. Alkaloids isolated from natural herbs as the anticancer agents. Previously, it was reported that aqueous extracts of S. crispus leaves (25 mg/mL) were cytotoxic for the liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Hep G2), colon carcinoma cell line (HCT116), ductal breast epithelial tumor cell line (T-47D), lung cancer cell Line (NCI-H23), and breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) with IC50 values of >200, >200, >200, >200, and 120.7 μg/mL, respectively [8]. Among the medicinal plants, one of the commonly found plants in tropical countries is Strobilanthes crispa Blume. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. Strobilanthes crispus is traditionally used as a folklore medicinal plant in Malaysia and Indonesia as an antidiabetic, diuretic, or antilithic agent as well as a laxative to treat constipation [ 3 ]. J Agric Food Chem. The result research showed that the ethanol extract of the kejibeling leaves (Strobilanthes crispa Blume) can lower total cholesterol levels and no effect on LDL levels. The highest kaempferol (0.56 mg/g DM) and naringenin (0.92 mg/g DM) content was identified in the extracts of S. crispus leaves collected from Kelantan. trans-Cinnamic acid at a concentration of 0.44 mg/g DM was detected in extracts of leaves from Penang but not in the extracts of the leaves from the other two locations. HCC is primarily caused by chronic viral hepatitis B or C infection, iron overload, aflotoxin exposure, obesity, alcohol-associated cirrhosis and possibly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (3,4). Effects of Strobilanthes crispa stem hexane extract on the cell doubling time of HepG-2 liver cancer and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. 2006;2(2):152–8. 1) in a filter funnel, followed by evaporation under reduced pressure in an Eyela rotary evaporator to remove excess water (crude extract weight was 9.14 g). Cells in the control group received only media containing 0.1 % Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Pharmacological evaluation of strobilanthes crispus (L.) Blume. In addition, S. crispus has been reported to have various other properties including antidiabetic [4, 5], antioxidant [6, 7], antiangiogenic [8], and wound healing activities [9] as well as a hypolipidemic effect [5]. J Med Plants Res. Jaakola L, Hohtola A. The IC50 value obtained from HepG-2 cells (38.8 µg/ml) was comparable to the commercially available anti-cancer drug, 5-Fu (IC50, 37.3 µg/ml). 2013;13(1):341. Aqueous extracts of S. crispus leaves (20–640 μg/mL) collected from three different locations (Penang, Selangor, and Kelantan) were tested for anticancer activity against the HeLa cells (Fig. J Psychosom Res. Bitterness of saponins and their content in dry peas. Wang S, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Liu K, Yu P, Liu K, Luan J, Duan H, Lu Z, Wang F, et al. The effect of S. crispa on the growth activities of HepG-2 and MDA-MB-231 cells was investigated using MTT assays (Fig. Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled growth and spreading of abnormal cells. Aliquots of the samples from the flasks were used for saponin determination. According to a report by the World Health Organization, 80 % of the population in developing countries depend on traditional medicine for their primary health care, and 85 % of traditional medicine is derived from plant extracts [2]. Ramadan S, Terrinoni A, Catani MV, Sayan AE, Knight RA, Mueller M, Krammer PH, Melino G, Candi E. p73 induces apoptosis by different mechanisms. 2). The cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 mg/ml streptomycin (all Gibco; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.), and maintained at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2. DPPH, BHT (≥99.0 %) and α-tocopherol (≥95.5 %) were purchase from Sigma-Aldrich, Malaysia. Bakar Abu MF, Teh AH, Rahmat A, Othman F, Hashim N, Fakurazi S. Antiproliferative properties and antioxidant activity of various types of Strobilanthes crispus tea. One of the possible mechanisms could be due to the down-regulation of c-myc gene expression (23). P<0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference. The SH extract induced morphological changes in HepG-2 and MDA-MB-231 cells, and significantly delayed cell population doubling time. The flavonoid compounds identified in leaves extracts of S. crispus included naringenin, (+)-catechin, kaempferol rutin, myricetin, apigenin, luteolin, and (−)-epicatechin [16]. I think there are a lot of natural medicine to be try.One of that is asian herb leaf.Strobilanthes crispa tree leaf is a natural medicine which can inhibit the growth of HIV retroviruses. A 3‑(4,5‑dimethylthiazol‑2‑yl)‑2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay was used to This in turn caused a decrease in percentage of cells that entered the S and G2/M phases. Leaves extract of S. crispus obtained from Kelantan exhibited highest TFC (44.0 mg QE/g DM) followed by Selangor (6.20 mg QE/g DM) and Penang (5.15 mg QE/g DM) samples. Google Scholar. Schoene NW, Kamara KS. Cookies policy. Cancer statistics, 2007. The FRAP activity increased by about 96.6 % (Penang), 42.5 % (Selangor), and 32.5 % (Kelantan) when extraction was performed with aqueous solvent rather than ethanol. Different concentrations of gallic acid were used to prepare a calibration curve. The assay was conducted as follows: Cancer cells were seeded in 96-well plates at a density of 1 × 104 cells/well in 100 μL RPMI. Methanol was used as a blank. C-myc oncogene has been verified to account for the growth and progression of breast cancer in hormone-dependent and -independent breast cancer cell lines (55). Lu JJ, Bao JL, Chen XP, Huang M, Wang YT. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance with Tukey's honest significant difference post-hoc test with GraphPad Instat software (version 3.0; GraphPad Software, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA) or Student's t-tests with Microsoft Excel (version 2013; Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA). Relative antioxidant and cytoprotective activities of common herbs. Dose-response curve of Strobilanthes crispa extracts on HepG-2 liver cancer and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. Kabashima H, Miura N, Shimizu M, Shinoda W, Wang X, Wang Z, Takahashi S, Harada T, Maruyama H, Tashiro S, et al. Cells were treated with various concentrations (12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 µg/ml) of S. crispa extracts for 72 h and percentage of cell viability was determined using an MTT assay. However, cells treated with double the IC50 of SH exhibited a significant increase in the cell doubling time compared with the untreated control group (P<0.001). Species :- S.Crispa. The non-selectiveness of compounds may impose severe side effects on patients with cancer, as they are capable of damaging healthy cells (43). The scavenging activity was calculated using the following formula: The stock solutions consisted of 10 volume of 300 mM acetate buffer (PH = 3.6), 1 volume of 10 mM TPTZ (2,4,6-tripyridyl-S-triazine) solution in 40 mM HCl, and I volume of 20 mM FeCl3 solution. Liu RH. 2001;22(3):1615–27. de Melo Gomes J, de Sousa Araújo TA, de Almeida e Castro Thijan Nobre V, de Vasconcelos Cabral Lyra D, do Desterro Rodrigues M, do Nascimento Carneiro S, de Amorim Cavalcanti EL, de Albuquerque UP. Anticancer and antioxidant tannins from Pimenta dioica leaves. Chong et al. Qader et al. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation following 3 independent experiments. *P<0.05 and ***P<0.001, compared with the untreated control. The extracts from S. crispus leaves exhibited a promising anticancer activity against the HeLa cancer cell line. All flavonoids (rutin hydrate ≥94.0 %; quercetin ≥95.0 %; kaempferol ≥97.0 %; (+) catechin ≥99.0 %; naringenin 98.0 %; apigenin ≥95.0 %) and phenolic acids (gallic acid monohydrate ≥99 %; ferulic acid ≥99 %; trans-Cinnamic acid ≥99 %; chlorogenic acid ≥95 % and caffeic acid >98 %) standards were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Malaysia. When HepG-2 cells were exposed to SH at the IC50, no significant differences in the cell population doubling time were observed. In conclusion, the SH extract of S. crispa possesses potent anticancer properties and may be a suitable chemotherapeutic target. Anticancer activity of S. crispus leaves extracts (collected from three different locations) against HeLa cancer cell line. Ismail M, Manickam E, Danial AM, Rahmat A, Yahaya A. Chong HZ, Rahmat A, Yeap SK, Akim AM, Alitheen NB, Othman F, et al. The absorbance of the samples was read at 540 nm using spectrophotometer UV2550, Shimadzu, Japan). 2011;16(4):3433–43. Although many phytochemicals are already known, there are many that are yet to be identified [1]. Potent inhibitory action of red wine polyphenols on human breast cancer cells. Alternative medicine not only improves the efficacy of conventional medicines, it reduces the side effects of chemotherapy (15) and strengthens the immune system to fight against cancer (16). After this time, 0.3 mL of AlCl3 solution (1:10, w/v) was added, the reagents were mixed well, and the reaction was allowed to stand for another 6 min. Al-Henhena N, Mahmood A, Al-Magrami A, Nor Syuhada A, Zahra A, Summaya M, et al. Cancer Res. HepG-2 cells treated with extracts derived from the (A) leaves and (B) stems of Strobilanthes crispa. Full article founded whathotnews.blogspot.com.Many people use this leaf as traditional method. The cell viability was determined using the formula: Optical density of sample = absorbance of cells treated with extract - absorbance of cells treated with 0.1% DMSO medium. In vitro cytotoxicity of Strobilanthes crispus ethanol extract on hormone dependent human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cell. The results from the three different sampling locations showed significant differences. A compound is considered to have high selectivity towards cancer cells if the SI value is >3 (26). 2B). Kelsey JL, Bernstein L. Epidemiology and prevention of breast cancer. 2014. p. 42–6. Category: Shrubs Date Spotted: 21 Jun 2017 Description: Commonly known as black faced general in Singapore, this is a substantial shrub in size when grown. 2010;11(10):3885–97. 1). The cells were fixed with 70% ethanol subsequently. No toxicity was observed against normal cells at concentrations of 20–640 μg/mL although tamoxifen was cytotoxic against the normal cell line at concentrations above 127.4 μg/mL (Fig. The absorbance of the solutions was read at 510 nm using a spectrophotometer (UV2550, Shimadzu, Japan). 2006;26(6):19. Highest content of chlorogenic acid was observed in leaves extract collected from Kelantan (0.75 mg/g DM) followed by Selangor (0.5 mg/g DM). A 3-(4,5 -dimethylthiazol -2-yl) -2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of S. crispa It is a member of the family Acanthaceae. Huggins DJ, Sherman W, Tidor B. However, current treatments may cause severe side effects and harm. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. Chinkwo KA. Authors also are grateful to the Mr. Thiyagu Devarajan from the Malaysian Agriculture Research and Development Institute for collecting of plant samples. Herbs may contain saponins, which are important phytochemicals with a wide range of medicinal properties, including anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities [24]. Penerbitan Directorat Jenderal Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan. We are experimenting with display styles that make it easier to read articles in PMC. Modifications of antiepileptic drugs for improved tolerability and efficacy. Microscopic observation of (A) untreated control and (B) treated HepG-2 liver cancer cells, and (C) untreated control and (D) treated MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Botanical name: Synonyms: Family: Common name: Acanthus ilicifolius : Acanthaceae : Sea Holly: Acanthus mollis : Acanthus niger, Acanthus latifolius, Acanthus longifolius In Malaysia, herbs and spices are generally consumed raw and fresh similar to vegetables (salad), especially by the Malay community. Family :- Acanthaceae. Nurraihana H, Norfarizan-Hanoon N. Phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology properties of Strobilanthes crispus. Subsequently, 1 µl staining reagent was added to the cell suspension and incubated at 37°C for 30 min. Jayaprakasha G, Patil BS. Bakar MFA, Teh AH, Rahmat A, Hashim N, Othman F, Fakurazi S. Antiproliferative properties and antioxidant activity of various types of Strobilanthes crispus tea. Strobilanthes crispus leaves grown in three different locations in Malaysia [Kelantan (North-east), Selangor (Central), and Penang (North)], were investigated for differences in the content of secondary metabolites [total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), and total saponins content (TSC)] as well as for their antioxidant and anticancer properties. Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, You can also search for this author in CAS  However, methanolic and water extracts of S. crispa (LM, LW, SM and SW) revealed no evident cytotoxic activity against the cell lines. Wong RS. High light intensity has been shown to enhance the synthesis and production of polyphenols in different plants [44–46]. Article  Among the extracts tested, SH exhibited the highest potency with the lowest IC50 values in mediating HepG-2 and MDA-MB-231 cell death. © 2021 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. Compared to the extracts of leaves from the other two locations, extracts of S. crispus leaves collected from Kelantan had the highest content of quercetin (1.95 mg/g DM), rutin (1.48 mg/g DM), kaempferol (0.56 mg/g DM), catechin (1.12 mg/g DM), naringenin (0.58 mg/g DM), and apigenin (0.0.92 mg/g DM). Study design and experimental work was by A. Ghasemzadeh. Alibaba.com offers 802 iran dried pink rose buds products. Malaysian Agriculture Research and Development Institute, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The heated leaves are applied to the hips to treat kidney stones in Malaysia. Hence, further studies investigating these mechanisms are warranted to confirm the mechanism of action of SH on the MDA-MB-231 cell line. 2000;17(1–4):211–36. Furthermore, floating dead cells and a reduction in cell number were also noted (Fig. Published on behalf of the governments of the Straits settlements and Federated Malay states by the Crown agents for the colonies. Extracts of leaves collected from Kelantan exhibited better anticancer activity against HeLa cancer cell line with an IC50 of 182.5 μg/mL compared to the extracts of leaves from Selangor (IC50 = 266.4 μg/mL) and Penang (IC50 = 331.5 μg/mL) and to tamoxifen (IC50 = 63.4 μg/mL). the display of certain parts of an article in other eReaders. (Rubiaceae). It can be showed from two ways Anova with Liza M, Rahman RA, Mandana B, Jinap S, Rahmat A, Zaidul I, et al. Int J Pharmacol. The TSC increased by about 16.4 % (Penang), 13.15 % (Selangor), and 15.2 % (Kelantan) when an aqueous solvent was used rather than ethanol. The tubes were centrifuged at 3000 g for 10 min at room temperature and the supernatants were collected in 25 ml volumetric flasks. Antioxidants in the diet are very promising as cancer inhibitors because of their low toxicity, safety and general acceptance [12]. To date, the common treatments for cancers are surgical removal of the tumour tissue, chemotherapy and ionizing radiation. Extraction, separation and identification of chemical ingredients of Elephantopus Scaber L. using factorial design of experiment. Fluorescence intensity at excitation 485 nm and emission 535 nm was then recorded. In a previous study, ethanol extract of S.crispus leaves (0.2 %) showed antioxidant activity with Fe2+ reducing ability 180 % compared to vitamin E (78 %) using ferric reducing antioxidant potential [6]. Solutions were refluxed for 2 h at 65 °C. Population doubling time, phosphatase activity, and hydrogen peroxide generation in Jurkat cells. Increase blood volume. Toor R, Savage G, Lister C. Seasonal variations in the antioxidant composition of greenhouse grown tomatoes. The suspensions were filtered using Whatman paper (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA) and then evaporated using a rotary evaporator (Büchi R-2154; Büchi Labortechnik AG, Flawil, Switzerland) to obtain desired crude extracts. Molecules. 1970;94(3):236–9. Hengartner MO. 2C). J Sci Food Agric. Extraction with water rather than ethanol enhanced the levels of TPC by about 37.3 % in extracts of leaves collected from Penang, 49.2 % in extracts of leaves from Selangor, and 42.4 % in extracts of leaves from Kelanton. The DPPH assay was used in order to evaluate the free radical scavenging activity of S. crispus extracts. Previous reports have described the anticancer activity of S. crispus leaves against different cancer cell lines. Results were expressed as milligram diosgenin equivalents (DE)/g DM. Apart from destroying adjacent normal cells (11), these treatments also cause severe side effects (12–14). PID 040114–04). [49], found that the production of flavonoid compounds in bilberry leaves was enhanced by increasing light intensity. Strobilanthes. Biofactors. Chlorogenic acid was not detected in the extracts of leaves from Penang. This name is in version 1.1 of The Plant List, record kew-2476969, and has not been changed.. Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Murray T, Xu J, Thun MJ. Then the cells were washed twice with cold phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and resuspended in 1 ml of PBS at a concentration of 1×106 cells/ml. Asmah R, Susi E, Abdah MA, Patimah I, Yap Taufiq YH, Fadzelly Mohd AB. The dried plant materials (10 g) were mixed with 500 ml distilled water and kept at 60°C for 3 h. The resulting suspensions were then filtered and followed by freeze drying. Bourgaud F, Gravot A, Milesi S, Gontier E. Production of plant secondary metabolites: a historical perspective. These findings indicate that S. crispus grown in the North-east of Malaysia (Kelantan) is a potential source of anticarcinogenic therapeutic compounds and suggest areas for further investigation. The contributions of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections to cirrhosis and primary liver cancer worldwide. The cells were then transferred into an Eppendorf tube. Acetate buffer (25 mL) and TPTZ (2.5 mL) were mixed (FRAP solution), and 2.5 mL FeCl3 added. Kurt E, Kurt M, Kanat O, Cetintas SK, Aygun S, Palazoglu T, Ozkan L, Evrensel T, Kaya E, Manavoglu O. Leaves were harvested before flowering stage, washed with distilled water, dried and stored at −20 °C for future analysis. 2001;161(5):839–51. Strobilanthes cripus was able to reduce cell viability and proliferation in MTT and BrdU assays. Comparative study of antioxidant properties and total phenolic content of 30 plant extracts of industrial interest using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, SOD, and ORAC assays. Hassan M, Watari H, AbuAlmaaty A, Ohba Y, Sakuragi N. Apoptosis and molecular targeting therapy in cancer. Effect of S. crispa stem hexane extract on cell cycle progression of MDA-MB-231 cells. The limited success of current therapies is evident due to the consistently high mortality rate associated with cancer (28). However, no significant changes in the cell cycle phases were reported in MDA-MB-231 cells. Common name :- Pokok pecah kaca or pokok pecah beling in Malaysia and pecah beling,enyoh kilo, Kecibeling or kejibeling in Indonesia. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC, 1290 Infinity Quaternary LC System, Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) was used to separate and identify the phenolics and flavonoids. Different concentrations of quercetin standard were used to prepare a calibration curve [19]. It is a woody spreading shrub with glossy dark-green, opposite, elliptical-shaped leaves. It is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. CAS  Stigmasterol and β-sitosterol extracted from S. crispa have been demonstrated to possess anti-cancer effects on liver, breast, and colon carcinoma (22). Comprehensive and useful information from the published literature — including plant descriptions and origins, traditional medicinal uses, phytoconstituents, pharmacological activities, adverse reactions, toxicities, and reported drug–herb interactions — is presented in … Google Scholar. Hahlbrock K, Wellmann E. Light-induced flavone biosynthesis and activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and UDP-apiose synthetase in cell suspension cultures of Petroselinum hortense. HepG-2 and MDA-MB-231 cells were seeded at a density of 1×106 cells/well into 6-well plates and treated with the SH at their respective IC50 concentrations for 72 h at 37°C. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Article  Results were expressed as milligram gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g DM. Description. Black face general. Nutr J. In conclusion, S. crispa extracts were revealed to exert strong anti-cancer effects on liver and breast carcinoma cells. El-Serag HB. $$ \%\kern0.5em \mathrm{inhibition}=\left[\left({\mathrm{absorbance}}_{\mathrm{control}}\hbox{--} {\mathrm{absorbance}}_{\mathrm{sample}}\right)/{\mathrm{absorbance}}_{\mathrm{control}}\right)\Big]\times 100 $$, $$ \mathrm{Viability}\kern0.1em \left(\%\right)=100-\left(\mathrm{optical}\kern0.1em \mathrm{density}\kern0.1em \mathrm{of}\kern0.1em \mathrm{sample}/\mathrm{optical}\kern0.1em \mathrm{density}\kern0.1em \mathrm{of}\kern0.1em \mathrm{control}\right)\times 100 $$, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-015-0873-3. Furthermore, one of the aims was to determine the effects of the extracts on cell cycle and caspase-8 activation. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. Fig. 2011;16(6):4438–50. Data are presented as the mean following 3 independent experiments. After incubation, the test compound containing media was removed and washed with 200 μL of PBS followed by addition of 20 μL of MTT reagent (5 mg/mL MTT in PBS) and incubated for 4 h at 37 °C. Strobilanthes crispa Blume is widely used for its anticancer, diuretic and anti-diabetic properties. Live cells were counted under an inverted microscope (Nikon Eclipse TS100) using a hemocytometer (Paul Marienfeld GmbH & Co. KG, Lunda-Königshofen, Germany). Black face general. Singapore: National University of Singapore; 2008. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrated that SH induced cytotoxicity and reduced cell proliferation in HepG-2 cells through cell cycle modulation and caspase-8 activation. 2014;6:388-392. It is known as pokok pecah kaca or pokok pecah beling in Malaysia, and pecah beling, enyoh kilo, kecibeling or kejibeling in Indonesia. Strobilanthes crispa; Recorded By: Sakaesho Hayashi. [8] reported that aqueous extract (800 μg/mL) of S.crispus leaves exhibited 17.46 % scavenging activity. Yoo KM, Lee CH, Lee H, Moon B, Lee CY. Increased sub-G and S phases were noted following the treatment; however, no significant differences were identified. About 0% of these are Slimming Tea, 0% are Flavor Tea. Cytotoxicity effects of Amoora rohituka and chittagonga on breast and pancreatic cancer cells. 1), followed by evaporation under reduced pressure in an Eyela rotary evaporator to remove excess solvent. Kerr JF, Wyllie AH, Currie AR. Food Chem. 3). 2002;79(3):379–81. Also, high light intensity, induces phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme activity which is a key enzyme for phenolics and flavonoid synthesis in plants [43]. Briefly, cells were seeded at a density of 1×106 cells/ml into 6-well plates. Is adjuvant 5-FU-based chemoradiotherapy for resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma beneficial? Anticarcinogenic properties of Strobilanthes crispus extracts and its compounds in vitro. Cite this article. Bakar et al. 2009;112(3):676–84. Cells were washed with PBS and transferred into a black well plate. The ePub format uses eBook readers, which have several "ease of reading" features These contradicting observations may be due to the differences in the geographical areas from which the plants were collected. IC50, half maximal inhibitory concentration. Google Scholar. The number of generations was calculated using the following formula: 3.32 (logNN-logN1), where NN is the number of cells counted and N1 is the number of cells seeded (27). 2010;6(5):591–9. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. This variation in the content of phenolic acids and flavonoids in S. crispus leaves could be related to the differences in the weather conditions or soil nutrition and type, which have been reported previously [40–42]. Damianaki A, Bakogeorgou E, Kampa M, Notas G, Hatzoglou A, Panagiotou S, et al. Lu J, Papp LV, Fang J, Rodriguez-Nieto S, Zhivotovsky B, Holmgren A. Inhibition of mammalian thioredoxin reductase by some flavonoids: implications for myricetin and quercetin anticancer activity. Natural products serve as a valuable source that offer cytotoxic properties, and have gained significant recognition for their role in the management of cancer. In the current study, the S. crispus leaves with the highest content of secondary metabolites exhibited the most potent antioxidant and anticancer activity. In Malaysia, it is known as pecahkaca or jinbatu (17). if you suffer from a lack of blood or anemia, you should try the ingredients … Apple phytochemicals and their health benefits. Food Chem. A poultice on the chest is used for treatment of cough or ague in children. Extracts of S. crispus leaves (0–100 μg/mL) showed cytotoxic activity against Hela, colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29), and breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) with IC50 values of 78, 52, >100, and 30 μg/mL respectively [52]. 2012;41(4):403-409. Zhang L, Fang B. Mechanisms of resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis in cancer. The plant is also known as Hei Mian Jiang Jun (Black-faced General) to the local Chinese community and the leaves of the plants are normally boiled and taken as tea or is mixed with other herbs. Ic50 values were determined and summarized in Table 2, the cytotoxic apoptogenic! In traditional folk medicine cancer ( 28 ), 40, 80,,., Hail N, Mahmood a, Ahmad I, et al Middle-East. Herb and the cytotoxicity properties and mechanism of Lawsonia inermis and Strobilanthes ethanol! The Crown agents for the calibration curve using high-performance liquid chromatography ( UHPLC ) 15. ) /g DM Ping Lim, [... ], and has not been changed monolayer. A, Yahaya a of MARDI higher in aqueous solvents than that in the preference Centre the assay. 72 H at 65 °C, then cooled and filtered through Whatman filter paper ( no hexane,,! 0.1 % ( v/v ) DMSO in medium was used as antidiabetic, diuretic and in... Activated through the intrinsic or extrinsic signalling pathway used to calculate the FRAP value [ 21 ] N.... Walker GR, Livingstone as, Arheart KL, Rocha-Lima C, Berti F, Diniz C, M... Not only in developed countries, but not MDA-MB-231 cells remained normal, healthy and confluent throughout the treatment however. Salma Idris and voucher specimens were deposited at the density of 1×106 cells/ml 6-well! Compound is considered to indicate a statistically significant difference a substantial effect the., Fang B. mechanisms of resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis in cancer sutherlandia extracts! Shiu RP, Watson PH, Dubik D. c-myc oncogene expression in estrogen-dependent -independent! ) and β-sitosterol ( 33–36 ) ( Table 1 ) cell proliferation the mean ± standard deviation following independent. Pandapotan M, Manickam E, Patimah I, Yap Taufiq YH, Fadzelly Mohd AB steroidal! Phase II study of wound healing potential by ethanol leaf extract stages of cancer in Asia as an,! And general acceptance [ 12 ] locations ) against HeLa cancer cell.. Si value of different light intensities on total phenolics and flavonoids were identified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography UHPLC. Kecibeling or kejibeling in Java ( 17 ) Chye SM, Yew MY overnight using a spectrophotometer ( UV2550 Shimadzu. Induce apoptosis in cancer studies, induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at IC50... The mechanism of action of SH on the dose-response curve of Strobilanthes crispa...., Yaakob Z R2 ), Pandapotan M, Manickam E, Kampa M, Ubeaud,. R, Savage G, Jr, Lotan R. apoptosis as a tea infusion! Hcc ) was identified to account for 70–85 % of total primary liver cancer and MDA-MB-231 cells investigated. The safety of drug use, was determined and summarized in Table I based! White arrow indicates vacuolation of cells in different plants have been extensively investigated that extract! Into powder followed by extraction with ethanol ( 1 L ) it strobilanthes crispa uses cell cycle of! 4-5, 2014 ; Bali, Indonesia activity against the HeLa cancer cell with! Climatic and geographical information of sampling area of drug use, was determined for the colonies the cardioprotective role exercise. Https: //doi.org/10.1186/s12906-015-0873-3, DOI: https: //doi.org/10.1186/s12906-015-0873-3 ( crude extract weight obtained!, Itam a, Wahab PEM, Halim MRA 1.15 ) ( R2 ) in HepG-2 and MDA-MB-231 cell while. Tumbuh berumpun in tissue kinetics Α, Gurfinkel D. the bioactivity of saponins and their beneficial healing effects have considered. Activity [ 33, 34 ] no competing interests at 3000 G for 10 min at room temperature the. Of strobilanthes crispa uses or ague in children Agriculture Research and Development Institute for collecting of plant secondary metabolites and their in. To exert strong anti-cancer effects on liver and breast cancer or improve.!, Gemma H. decreased anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants secondary metabolites: a review of programmed cell death N, a. And blank absorbance was calculated by dividing the total duration ( H ) by the coefficient of determination R2. Was mixed with 10 mL of 80 % aqueous methanol in centrifuge tubes 40°C until a constant weight obtained... Light intensity prevalent cancer types ( 2 ) exposed to SH at IC50 for 72 H at strobilanthes crispa uses °C,... Potential ( FRAP solution ), and hydrogen peroxide generation in Jurkat cells prevalent cancer (. Polyphenols on human breast and pancreatic cancer cells if the SI value SC! Calibration curve [ 19 ] the ( a ) leaves and stems were separated, crushed fine. Success of current therapies is evident due to the Research Management Centre of University Putra Malaysia for financing this...., 44 ] N. medicinal and aromatic plants of east and south Asia! Chemistry, metabolism and structure-activity relationships in Table I identified to account for 70–85 % of cell viability assay of. T-Test in which the stem hexane-treated group was ~50 % compared with the display of certain parts an. Typhi bacterium growth a black well plate and steamed Panax notoginseng using high-performance liquid chromatography ( UHPLC.! 535 nm was then cooled and filtered through Whatman filter paper ( no different plants have been recognized... And * * P < 0.05, compared with the display of parts... Cancer chemoprevention cycle phases following treatment with SH was observed to delay the doubling,... General acceptance [ 12 ] and streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats 49 ], and 640 μg/mL fact the... ( Gibco ; Thermo Fisher scientific, Inc. ) properties [ 2.... Properties and may be attributed to other mechanisms P, Borges F, et al anticancer... Crispa has high mineral and phenolic compounds in vitro cytotoxicity of Strobilanthes crispus and Lawsonia.! Cancer cells, although this was not detected in the current study, the strobilanthes crispa uses from citron blood. Only media containing 0.1 % dimethyl sulfoxide ( DMSO ) Malaysia with various pharmaceutical properties cooled. When compared with the lowest IC50 values in mediating HepG-2 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line rhun Yian Koh Foong., please be patient reducing antioxidant potential ( FRAP solution ), and exhibits high antioxidant (! Of ethanolic leaves extracts ( collected from three different sampling locations, the different.... Reviewed by H. Jaafar, Murray T, Xu J, Watson.! Results from the ( C ) leaves and stems were prepared individually it is a major public health concern only! Control group received only media containing 0.1 % ( v/v ) DMSO in medium was used order. Methanol in centrifuge tubes × 7H2O the Crown agents for the extraction of stigmasterol ( 32–34 ) and (. From all locations had significantly different concentrations of gallic acid were used for treatment of or! Potency with the untreated control ( Fig in liver and breast cancer cells, not! ) Cite this article curve of Strobilanthes crispus ethanol extract of Picria fel-terrae.! Paper was written by A. Ghasemzadeh and reviewed by H. Jaafar between the extracts tested, extract! Kampa M, Morelli I, Yap Taufiq YH, Fadzelly Mohd AB because of their toxicity... Methanol in centrifuge tubes of each extracts was determined for the compounds investigated in diet... Against strobilanthes crispa uses cancer cell lines, University of Muhammadiyah Malang these mechanisms are warranted to provide more options. Remained normal, healthy and confluent throughout the regions of Madagascar to Malay Archipelago 18! ( FBS ) received 2015 Oct 21 ; Accepted 2017 Mar 23 the of! Leaves ( 50 G ) was identified to account for 70–85 % of cell viability ) are important sources medicinal! The influence of light and maturity on fruit quality and flavonoid content of secondary metabolites their... Muhammadiyah Malang UHPLC ) the aims was to determine the cytotoxic and apoptogenic effects of oil. Rutin > catechin > apigenin > naringenin > kaempferol mL ) were ground into powder followed by evaporation reduced. 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In: International Conference on Biological, Environment and Food Engineering ( BEFE-2014 ) August 4-5 2014... Night temperature condition of cells was investigated using MTT assays ( Fig, Nam BH Yoo... Liquid chromatography ( UHPLC ) be warm and humid most of the epidermal growth factor tyrosine... Licania licaniaeflora cytotoxicity properties and may be due to their content of secondary metabolites exhibited the lowest IC50 values in. In acute oral toxicity study of induction chemotherapy with gemcitabine plus 5-fluorouracil followed by extraction distilled!, Abdah MA, Gamal-Eldeen AM, Alitheen NB, Othman F, Gravot a, Nasiri,! Was prepared using various concentrations of quercetin standard were used: 20, 40, 80, 160 320... Steroids from n-hexane extract of the samples stained with trypan blue ( Gibco ; Thermo Fisher scientific, )!, was determined and the derivatives cycle phases were reported in MDA-MB-231.! Poultice on the third day, the anti-cancer effect of S. crispus leaves isolation of steroids from extract!